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catenatum isolated from BahÃa de La Paz were cultured in bi-algal cultures with and without cell contact. In general, raphidophytes tend to dominate over dinoflagellates, which may indicate an allelopathic effect of the former algae. Both species are harmful algal bloom forming algae, produce toxic metabolites, and can co-exist in the environment. marina on the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum was determined. The allelopathic effect of the raphidophyte Chattonella marina var.
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marina (Raphidophyceae) on Gymnodinium catenatum (Dinophycea).įernández-Herrera, Leyberth J Band-Schmidt, Christine J López-Cortés, David J Hernández-Guerrero, Claudia J Bustillos-Guzmán, José J Núñez-Vázquez, Erick
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This paper also provided a new genetic method to obtain C5-oxo-avermectin B-producing strain.Īllelopathic effect of Chattonella marina var. This is consistent with that aveD and aveF are in a transcription unit. This revealed that both aveD and aveF were not expressed in the disruptant. Shaking flask experiments and HPLC analysis showed that the disruptant produced only four components, which were C5-oxo-avermectin B1a, B1b, B2a, B2b as identified by UV, IR, NMR, and MS. Disruptants were confirmed by Southern blotting. The plasmid was inserted into the chromosome by homogenous recombination between partial aveD gene in the plasmid and aveD in the chromosome. Recombinant plasmid pCZ2(pKC1139::475 bp aveD) was used for aveD gene disruption in Streptomyces avermitilis 76-9.